科学名称：自然科学史上的术语和语言
The history of science is echoed in the development of its language and the names chosen for its technical terms. The Names of Science examines in detail how, over time, new words have entered the scientific lexicon and how some of them, but far from all, have survived to the present. Why is a transistor called a transistor and not something else? Why was the term 'scientist' only coined in 1834, and why was the name regarded as controversial for a long time afterwards? There is a story behind every scientific word we use today. In this work, Helge Kragh tells many of these stories, taking a broad historical perspective from the Renaissance to the present. By combining elements of linguistics with the history of the natural sciences including physics, chemistry, and astronomy, this book offers a new and innovative perspective on the historical development of the natural sciences. Following an introductory list of useful linguistic terms, the book is structured in six chapters, which cover important phases in the history of science, dealing with a vast range of scientific terminology from physics, chemistry, geology, astronomy, to cosmology. It also considers, if only briefly, how English - and not, say, Latin or French - developed to become the internationally accepted language of science. Contrary to other works dealing with the subject, The Names of Science pays serious attention to the historical dimension of scientific language, and to the way in which scientists have, sometimes unconsciously, acted as linguists and neologists in their research work.
英文| 2024 |国际标准图书编号：0198917457 | 353页|真PDF | 10.35 MB 科学史反映在其语言的发展和为其技术术语选择的名称中。《科学名称》详细考察了随着时间的推移，新单词是如何进入科学词典的，以及其中一些单词（但远非全部）是如何存活到现在的。为什么晶体管被称为晶体管而不是其他东西？为什么“科学家”一词直到1834年才被创造出来，为什么这个名字在很长一段时间后都被认为是有争议的？我们今天使用的每一个科学单词背后都有一个故事。在这部作品中，海尔格·克拉夫告诉了许多这样的故事，从文艺复兴到现在都有广泛的历史视角。通过将语言学元素与包括物理、化学和天文学在内的自然科学史相结合，这本书为自然科学的历史发展提供了一个新的、创新的视角。在介绍了一系列有用的语言术语之后，这本书分为六章，涵盖了科学史上的重要阶段，涉及从物理学、化学、地质学、天文学到宇宙学的广泛科学术语。它还简要地考虑了英语（而不是拉丁语或法语）是如何发展成为国际公认的科学语言的。与其他涉及这一主题的著作相反，《科学名称》认真关注科学语言的历史维度，以及科学家在研究工作中有时无意识地充当语言学家和新语学家的方式。本站不对文件进行储存，仅提供文件链接，请自行下载，本站不对文件内容负责，请自行判断文件是否安全，如发现文件有侵权行为，请联系管理员删除。
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