法国加勒比地区热带专制主义： enlightened 改革

English | 306 pages | Cornell University Press (September 15, 2024) | 1501776673 | PDF | 6 Mb

Tropical Despotisms reveals the alarm that spread among France's Caribbean possessions during the period between the Seven Years' War and the Revolution and the determination to cultivate a new patriotic community rooted in the Enlightenment principles of honor and civic virtue.

Following France's humiliating defeat at the hands of the British, a loose coalition of frustrated and enlightened reformers hoped to promote imperial regeneration in order to restore France's wounded national pride, stabilize and strengthen the Antillean colonies, and bind the colonies more closely to the metropole.

David Allen Harvey describes the historical relationship between capitalism and slavery in the making of the modern world economy and moves beyond simplistic arguments by discussing the contingent and evolving dynamic between the two. As a result, he reveals how capitalism and slavery developed in tandem in the eighteenth-century Caribbean but explains that reformers sought to enact a gradual transition to a free wage labor regime more in keeping with capitalism's ideal of free and voluntary contractual relationships between formally equal parties.

Tropical Despotisms provides a new perspective on the social and demographic structure in the French Antilles and the wider French Atlantic world. Harvey uncovers not only the deep and critical debates around the issues of slavery and race but also the efforts by enlightened reformers as they proposed rethinking the political and economic structures by which the empire had been ruled, rationalizing governing institutions, and liberalizing trade.

《热带专制》揭示了法国在七年战争和革命之间其加勒比殖民地间的警觉情绪，以及致力于培养一种根植于启蒙运动荣誉与公民美德原则之上的新的爱国社群的决心。 在法国屈辱败给英国之后，一群沮丧但开明的改革者希望促进帝国复兴，以此来重振被创伤了的法国民族自豪感，稳定并加强安地列斯殖民地，并使这些殖民地更紧密地与母国联系起来。 大卫·阿伦· Harvey 描述了资本主义与奴隶制在现代世界经济形成过程中之间的历史关系，并超越了简单的论点来讨论两者之间具有偶然性和演变动态的关系。因此，他揭示了资本主义和奴隶制八世纪的加勒比地区同时发展的情况，并解释了改革者寻求逐步过渡到一种更为契合资本主义理想——自由自愿的契约关系的劳动体制。 《热带专制》为法国安地列斯的社会与人口结构提供了一个新的视角，同时也拓宽了 Harvey 的视野去揭示对奴隶制和种族问题的深刻而关键的辩论，以及开明改革者所采取的努力。他们试图重新思考统治帝国的政治和经济结构，并理性化治理机构的同时也放宽贸易限制。

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