法国与意大利之间的技术兵，1750-1814

English | 2024 | ISBN: 978-3-031-68225-4 | 277 pages | PDF EPUB (True) | 11 MB

This book provides the first comprehensive study of the technical corps during the Napoleonic Era, both in France and in Italy. These corps, which possessed advanced schooling and nurtured meritocratic practices even in the Ancien Regime, came to the forefront with the French Revolution, due to the increase in prestige of both scientists and the military. Notwithstanding the key roles played by well-known figures such as Lazare Carnot and Napoleon Bonaparte, the historiography has not fully explored either the culture that produced them, or the impact this had in France and in Napoleonic Europe, or their far-reaching legacy. The modern paradigms of technocracy and meritocracy in fact have their origin in these corps.

这本书提供了拿破仑时代技术阶层的首次全面研究，既包括法国也涵盖意大利。这些拥有先进教育、并在旧制度时期孕育着优胜劣汰实践的技术阶层，在法国大革命后逐渐崭露头角，因为科学家和军队这两个领域的声望都有所提升。尽管有如拉扎尔·卡诺特（Lazare Carnot）和拿破仑·波拿巴（Napoleon Bonaparte）等知名人物的关键贡献，历史学界并未充分探讨这些技术阶层的文化背景，也不曾全面揭示它对法国以及拿破仑时代的欧洲所造成的影响，或其深远的遗产。事实上，现代的技术官僚制和优胜劣汰制其实起源于这些技术阶层。

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