人类大脑映射的基础问题

English | 15 February 2010 | ISBN-10: 0262513943 | 336 pages| PDF (True) | 3 MB

The field of neuroimaging has reached a watershed. Brain imaging research has been the source of many advances in cognitive neuroscience and cognitive science over the last decade, but recent critiques and emerging trends are raising foundational issues of methodology, measurement, and theory. Indeed, concerns over interpretation of brain maps have created serious controversies in social neuroscience, and, more important, point to a larger set of issues that lie at the heart of the entire brain mapping enterprise. In this volume, leading scholars - neuroimagers and philosophers of mind reexamine these central issues and explore current controversies that have arisen in cognitive science, cognitive neuroscience, computer science, and signal processing.The contributors address both statistical and dynamical analysis and modeling of neuroimaging data and interpretation, discussing localization, modularity, and neuroimagers' tacit assumptions about how these two phenomena are related; controversies over correlation of fMRI data and social attributions (recently characterized for good or ill as ''voodoo correlations''); and the standard inferential design approach in neuroimaging. Finally, the contributors take a more philosophical perspective, considering the nature of measurement in brain imaging, and offer a framework for novel neuroimaging data structures (effective and functional connectivity - ''graphs'').Contributors: William Bechtel, Bharat Biswal, Matthew Brett, Martin Bunzl, Max Coltheart, Karl J. Friston, Joy J. Geng, Clark Glymour, Kalanit Grill-Spector, Stephen José Hanson, Trevor Harley, Gilbert Harman, James V. Haxby, Rik N. Henson, Nancy Kanwisher, Colin Klein, Richard Loosemore, Sébastien Meriaux, Chris Mole, Jeanette A. Mumford, Russell A. Poldrack, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Richard C. Richardson, Alexis Roche, Adina L. Roskies, Pia Rotshtein, Rebecca Saxe, Philipp Sterzer, Bertrand Thirion, Edward Vul

神经成像领域已经到达了一个转折点。在过去十年中，脑成像研究一直是认知神经科学和认知科学研究取得许多进展的来源，但最近的批评和新兴趋势提出了方法论、测量量法测定量值线测量法及理论与测量线理分析之间的线性关系等的��以及理论理理解析假设疑等现象。确实，对脑图解读所引发的严重争议出现在社会神经科学中，并且更为重要的是，这些问题触及了整个大脑成像项目行之中的核心问题。在本卷集中，领先的学者——神经成像者和认知主义哲学家重新审视了这些核心问题，并探索了当前在认知科学、认知神经科学、计算机科学以及信号处理等领域中出现的争议。作者们讨论统计和动力学分析分析线布或线模型及解读与释�； 关于fMRI数据的相关性及其解释解法；关于局部化、模块性及其神经成像者隐含的假设理线关系等现象；有关于fMRI数据分析及其解读，特别是最近被赞誉或贬损为“巫婆相关”的情况； 以及在脑成像中的标准典型推理设计方法论。作者们从更哲学的角度考虑大脑成像测量法理测线构与线模型（神经成像数据结构——如有效连接性及功能连通性——作为“图”。作者：比尔·贝克特、芭热·比沙瓦尔、马修·布瑞特、马丁·班兹尔、麦克斯·科尔塔赫特、卡尔·J·弗里森、乔恩·吉根、克拉克·格洛默、卡林妮特·格利亚斯佩尔德、詹姆斯·V·哈思比、理查德·霍森、南茜·温瑟、克莱因、理查德·洛赛莫、西榭贝·梅里埃、克里斯·莫勒、珍娜特·阿·穆福德、鲁埃尔士·艾伦·波拉德克林、杰恩布尔·亨斯、雷金·塞尔森

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