驼背：现代美国的姿势恐慌

English | April 9th, 2024 | ISBN: 069123549X | 392 pages | True EPUB | 22.67 MB

The strange and surprising history of the so-called epidemic of bad posture in modern America—from eugenics and posture pageants to today's promoters of "paleo posture"

In 1995, a scandal erupted when the New York Times revealed that the Smithsonian possessed a century's worth of nude "posture" photos of college students. In this riveting history, Beth Linker tells why these photos were only a small part of the incredible story of twentieth-century America's largely forgotten posture panic—a decades-long episode in which it was widely accepted as scientific fact that Americans were suffering from an epidemic of bad posture, with potentially catastrophic health consequences. Tracing the rise and fall of this socially manufactured epidemic, Slouch also tells how this period continues to feed today's widespread anxieties about posture.

In the early twentieth century, the eugenics movement and fears of disability gave slouching a new scientific relevance. Bad posture came to be seen as an individual health threat, an affront to conventional race hierarchies, and a sign of American decline. What followed were massive efforts to measure, track, and prevent slouching and, later, back pain—campaigns that reached schools, workplaces, and beyond, from the creation of the American Posture League to posture pageants. The popularity of posture-enhancing products, such as girdles and lumbar supports, exploded, as did new fitness programs focused on postural muscles, such as Pilates and modern yoga. By 1970, student protests largely brought an end to school posture exams and photos, but many efforts to fight bad posture continued, despite a lack of scientific evidence.

A compelling history that mixes seriousness and humor, Slouch is a unique and provocative account of the unexpected origins of our largely unquestioned ideas about bad posture.

现代美国所谓的“驼背流行病”奇怪而又令人惊讶的历史——从优生学和驼背派对到今天“原始姿势”的推广者 1995年，纽约时报揭露了史密森学会藏有一批上世纪的裸体“姿态”照片。在这部引人入胜的历史中，贝丝·林克勒解释了这些照片只是二十世纪美国广泛忽视的驼背恐慌这个惊人故事中的一个小部分——这是一段长达数十年的时期，在这段时间里，人们普遍接受这样一个事实：美国人正遭受着一场流行的、由潜在严重健康后果所威胁的驼背流行病。史无前例地追踪并揭示了这一社会制造出来的流行病的上升和消亡历程，《驼背》还讲述了这段时期的延续对今天广泛存在的姿势焦虑的影响。 二十世纪初，优生学运动以及残疾恐惧给驼背赋予了新的科学意义。驼背被视为一种个体健康威胁，是对常规种族等级的一种冒犯，并且象征着美国的衰落。随之而来的是大规模努力去测量、追踪并防止驼背和后来的腰痛——从创建美国姿势联盟到姿态派对。提高姿势的产品如束腹衣和背肌支撑变得流行起来，新的健身项目也聚焦于姿势肌肉，如普拉提和现代瑜伽。到1970年，学生抗议已经基本结束了学校姿势检查和照片拍摄，尽管缺乏科学依据，但对抗驼背的努力仍然继续。 《驼背》是一部将严肃与幽默巧妙融合的引人入胜的历史，它以一种独特且挑衅的方式讲述了我们对糟糕姿势普遍不可质疑观念的意外起源。

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