《人类疾病：从我们的身体到我们的信仰如何制造瘟疫》（MIT press）

English | April 9th, 2024 | ISBN: 026204885X | 352 pages | True EPUB | 2.23 MB

How the very fact of being human makes us vulnerable to pandemics—and gives us the power to save ourselves.

The COVID-19 pandemic won’t be our last—because what makes us vulnerable to pandemics also makes us human. That is the uncomfortable but all-too-timely message of The Human Disease, which travels through history and around the globe to examine how and why pandemics are an inescapable threat of our own making. Drawing on dozens of disciplines—from medicine, epidemiology, and microbiology to anthropology, sociology, ecology, and neuroscience—as well as a unique expertise in public education about pandemic risks, biological anthropologist Sabrina Sholts identifies the human traits and tendencies that double as pandemic liabilities, from the anatomy that defines us to the misperceptions that divide us.

Weaving together a wealth of personal experiences, scientific findings, and historical stories, Sholts brings dramatic and much-needed clarity to one of the most profound challenges we face as a species. Though the COVID-19 pandemic looms large in Sholts’s account, it is, in fact, just one of the many infectious disease events explored in The Human Disease. With its expansive, evolutionary perspective, the book explains how humanity will continue to face new pandemics because humans cause them, by the ways that we are and the things that we do. By recognizing our risks, Sholts suggests, we can take actions to reduce them. When the next pandemic happens, and how bad it becomes, are largely within our highly capable human hands—and will be determined by what we do with our extraordinary human brains.

人类自身的存在使我们容易受到大流行病的威胁——而这也赋予了我们拯救自己的力量。

COVID-19大流行病不会是我们的最后一次——因为使我们易受大流行病影响的正是使我们成为人类的因素。这是《人类疾病》这本书通过历史和全球范围内的考察，探讨了为什么大流行病是一种不可避免的威胁，并揭示了这些威胁是如何产生的这部作品所传达出的令人不安但又迫在眉睫的信息。

该书汇集了医学、流行病学、微生物学等多个学科的知识，以及对疫情风险的公共教育领域的独特专业知识。人类学家萨布里娜·夏尔斯（Sabrina Sholts）通过探讨使我们成为人类并引发冲突的人类特性来识别这些隐患。

从个人经验到科学研究再到历史故事，《夏尔斯》将复杂且急需的信息清晰地呈现在读者面前，为我们作为物种面临的最深刻挑战提供了解答。尽管在《夏尔斯》的叙述中，COVID-19大流行病占据了主要位置，但实际上，《人类疾病》一书中探讨了多种传染性疾病事件。

该书以进化发展的视角解释了人类如何继续面临新大流行病的威胁——这与我们是怎样的人以及我们所做的事有关。通过认识到我们的风险，夏尔斯建议我们可以采取行动来降低这些风险。下次大流行病来临时，它的严重程度将很大程度上取决于我们所用的人类大脑所能做的一切。

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