再生医学和脑修复

English | 2024 | ISBN-10: 3031497430 | 520 pages| Epub PDF (True) | 38 MB

This book presents the latest knowledge, trends, and advances in cell transplantation and innovations in developing microspheres, 3D biomaterial constructs to enhance transfer, and cell survival to specific regions of the brain. Neurodegenerative diseases and brain injury are increasing. Medications currently only temporarily reduce some of the symptoms but do not cure or delay progression of the disease. Development of effective treatments dramatically improves the independent living and quality of life of patients. Cell transplantation strategies offer an approach to facilitating brain repair, but efficacy is often limited by low in vivo survival rates of cells that are injected in suspension. Transplanting cells that are attached to or encapsulated within a biomaterial construct has the advantage of maintaining cell-cell and cell-material interactions and improving cell survival in vivo. Biomaterials that have been used in preclinical studies to assist with in vivo cell transfer and survival include heparin-chitosan microspheres, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres, RADA 16 microspheres, poly(desaminotyrosyl tyrosine ethyl ester carbonate) microscale scaffolds, carbon nanotubes, collagen-chitosan scaffolds, poly(L-lactic acid) scaffolds, agarose hydrogels, gelatin methacrylate hydrogels, and agarose micro-columns with an extracellular matrix interior. Incorporating growth factors (e.g., glial-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin 3) into the biomaterial constructs increased cell survival and incorporation into the host tissue. International experts in the fields of both experimental and clinical neurological research contribute chapters to this book and discuss the latest achievements in cell transplantation and matrix-assisted cell transfer/survival technologies for diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and brain injuries such as stroke and traumatic brain injury. It is envisaged that research findings in experimental animal models of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, traumatic brain injury, and stroke promote clinical trials using biomaterial-assisted transfer of cells.

这本书呈现了细胞移植和开发微球、3D生物材料构建体在促进转移及增强脑内特定区域的存活等方面的最新知识、趋势和进展。神经退行性疾病和脑损伤正在增加，目前的药物只能暂时减轻一些症状，并不能治愈或延缓疾病的发展。有效治疗方法的研发显著改善了患者的独立生活质量和生活质量。细胞移植策略为促进大脑修复提供了一种方法，但通常受限于注射到悬浮液中的细胞在体内的低存活率。将细胞附着到生物材料构建体内或将其封装可以维持细胞与细胞、细胞-材料之间的相互作用，并提高体内细胞的存活率。用于预临床研究以辅助体内细胞转移和存活的已使用过的生物材料包括肝素-壳多糖微球，聚（乳酸-共-乙醇酸）微球，RADA 16微球，脱氨基酪氨酸乙酯碳酸基化微尺度支架，碳纳米管，胶原-壳多糖支架，聚（L-乳酸）支架，琼脂糖水凝胶，明胶甲基丙烯酸酯水凝胶以及含有外泌体组分的琼脂糖微柱。将生长因子（例如：星形胶质来源的神经营养因子、神经肽3）整合到生物材料构建体内增加了细胞存活率并使其在宿主组织中定植。神经科学研究领域内同时具有实验和临床研究背景的国际专家为本书撰写了章节，并讨论了阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病等疾病的细胞移植以及辅助细胞转移/存活技术方面的最新成就。预计在实验动物模型中的阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、脑创伤及中风的研究成果将促进利用生物材料辅助移植细胞的临床试验。

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