心理社会职业健康：一本跨学科教科书

English | 2023 | ISBN: 0192887920 | 312 pages | True PDF EPUB | 9.16 MB

Work and employment are central to people's lives, health, and wellbeing. Through participation in the labour market, income and related life chances are improved, social protection and security are strengthened, and important psychological and social needs are met, such as striving for skill development, autonomy, social recognition, and social belonging. Yet, globally, only a minority of working people experience these favourable conditions. In developing countries, substantial parts of the population are excluded from paid work, or are confined to informal, poor, and dangerous work. In developed countries, adverse working and employment conditions contribute to a burden of disease. With the advent of economic globalisation and ground-breaking technological innovations, new occupational health risks have emerged, such as stressful high psycho-mental work pressures, increased job insecurity and flexibility, and widely prevalent social tensions and conflicts. These risks are aggravated by two global challenges, the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change. How can professionals who are committed to occupational health cope with these challenges? This book provides a comprehensive review of scientific evidence dealing with the far-reaching changes and challenges of modern work and its impact on health. It extends conventional occupational medicine by introducing essential knowledge on the psychosocial dimensions of work and health, bridging social and behavioural sciences with biomedical research. Opening chapters cover the conceptual and historical background of the field, followed by a section on the theoretical and methodological bases of knowledge. The next part looks at empirical evidence on psychosocial work-related health effects derived from epidemiologic investigations and studies, with a focus on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and mental disorders. The fourth part addresses the effects of disease and disability on work and employment opportunities and related coping efforts. Finally, options of prevention and health promotion at the level of organisation and of national labour and social policies are discussed. Written for future and current occupational health professionals, students and researchers with an interest or specialisation in occupational health, and practitioners and diverse stakeholders dealing with these topics, this book serves as a source of scholarly evidence, shaping knowledge and skills to address new challenges and promote a future economy of decent, sustainable, and healthy work.

工作和就业在人们的生活、健康和福祉中占据核心位置。通过参与劳动力市场，收入及相关生活机会得以改善，社会保护与安全得到加强，重要的心理和社会需求得到满足，比如技能发展、自主性、社会认可和社会归属感。然而，全球范围内只有少数劳动者能够体验到这些有利条件。在发展中国家，相当一部分人口被排除在外，无法从事有薪工作，或者只能从事非正式的低劣且危险的工作。而在发达国家，不良的工作和就业状况则导致疾病负担。伴随着经济全球化的发展以及颠覆性的技术创新，新的职业健康风险出现，比如高强度的精神压力、增加的工作不稳定性和灵活性，以及广泛存在的社会紧张和冲突。这些风险由两个全球挑战加剧：新冠疫情大流行和气候变化。对于致力于职业健康的专业人士而言，如何应对这些挑战？这本书提供了对现代工作及其对健康影响的深远变化与挑战的全面综述。它扩展了常规的职业医学知识，并引入有关工作及健康的心理社会维度的关键信息，将社会科学与生物医学研究联结起来。开篇章节涵盖了该领域的概念和历史背景，随后是理论和方法基础的部分。接下来的部分则关注基于流行病学调查和研究的心理社会工作中健康影响的实证证据，重点放在心血管疾病和代谢性疾病以及精神障碍上。第四部分探讨了疾病的负面影响及其对工作与就业机会以及应对努力的影响。最后，书中讨论了组织层面及国家劳动和社会政策层面的预防措施和促进健康的策略。这本书专为未来的职业健康专业人士、感兴趣的或专注于职业健康的学生和研究人员，以及处理这些议题的从业者和多元利益相关者而编写。它作为学术证据来源，塑造知识与技能，以应对新挑战并促进一个体面、可持续且健康的经济发展。

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