胰岛素：百年历史（健康与疾病史）

2023 | English | 1509550720 | EPUB | 272 pages | 0.9 MB

In 1922, an unlikely team of researchers in Toronto made one of the most important medical breakthroughs of the century: insulin. Their discovery seemed miraculous. When it was given to diabetic patients on the brink of death, their condition rapidly improved. Those present could barely believe their eyes: they had witnessed resurrection.

However, this was no simple cure. Injections must be taken for life. Without them, symptoms quickly return, often with fatal results. But while a lifetime on insulin poses great challenges, it also offers opportunities. In this revelatory history, Stuart Bradwel looks back on one of medicine’s most celebrated innovations. Setting professional narrative against subjective patient experience, he tells the story of a drug that has challenged many of the basic assumptions upon which medical practice is built, both inside and outside the clinic.

Nevertheless, Bradwel reminds us that the centenary of this apparent “wonder drug” should be no cause for celebration. Insulin often remains inaccessible to those who need it most: elusive prescriptions, uneven availability and sky-high prices result in rationing and desperate do-it-yourself research and development. In the face of bootstraps rhetoric and “Pharma Bro” capitalists, patients across the world are left to fend for themselves. There is a long way to go in the twenty-first century until insulin truly fulfils the extraordinary promises made by its discovery.

1922年，多伦多一个不太可能的科研团队作出了本世纪最重要的医学突破：胰岛素。他们的发现似乎令人震惊。当这种药物被给濒临死亡的糖尿病患者时，患者的状况迅速得到了改善。在场的人几乎无法相信自己的眼睛：他们目睹了死而复生。 然而，这绝非简单的治愈手段。需要终生注射使用。没有它，症状很快就会复发，通常会导致致命的结果。但是尽管终身依赖胰岛素存在许多挑战，也存在着机会。在这一令人震惊的历史中，斯图尔特·布兰德尔回顾了一项医学领域最被广泛认可的创新。他将职业叙事与主观患者的体验相结合，讲述了一个对医疗实践提出了诸多基本假设挑战的药物的故事，既包括了医院内部又涵盖了医院外部。 不过，布兰德尔提醒我们，这种“神奇药物”的百年纪念日绝不是一个值得庆祝的日子。胰岛素经常无法被那些需要它的人获取：稀缺的处方、不平等的可获得性和高昂的价格最终导致了配给和绝望的自助研究开发。在面对自力更生的言论与制药巨头时，世界各地的患者都不得不自我保护。到了21世纪的今天，胰岛素还远未实现发现之初所做出的非凡承诺。

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