恐惧消退：从基本神经科学到临床意义

English | 2023 | ISBN-10: 3031430042 | 395 pages| Epub PDF (True) | 17 MB

This book aims to provide the reader a neuroscientific understanding surrounding a very simple question: how do we learn not to fear? Exploring answers to this question is very important for two reasons. First, learning about the neural mechanisms of fear extinction is of relevance to everyone’s life - it is such a basic yet relevant question to our daily experiences. Therefore, understanding brain mechanisms of fear and its regulation is essential from a basic neuroscience point of view. Second, excessive fear and the inability to regulate its expression is one of the hallmarks of fear-, anxiety-, trauma-, and stressor-related psychopathologies. And as such, learning about how fear is acquired, stored, expressed, and regulated could help advance our understanding of the etiology of psychopathology, the maintenance of symptoms pertaining to failure to regulate fear, and could help us develop novel therapeutics to equip providers and patients with the tools to better quell their fears. The contributions contained in this book are provided by experts in the fields of basic and clinical neuroscience, experimental and clinical psychology, and neuropsychiatry. The contributions are organized to start the reader with basic definitions of how we define fear, how we study its neural circuits at the molecular and cellular levels, how to study human behavior and the brain using state-of-the art experimental and statistical tools, to how much fear contributes to psychopathology. This volume ends with current advances aimed to enhance the capacity to extinguish fear; a clinical result that would aid in the treatment of multiple psychiatric disorders, followed by a discussion on future directions of this highly important and relevant field.

这本书旨在为读者提供一种神经科学的理解，围绕一个非常简单的问题：我们如何学会不害怕？探讨这个问题的答案非常重要。首先，了解恐惧消退的脑机制对每个人的生活都具有重要意义，这是一个基本但又极其相关的问题，关系到我们的日常生活经验。因此，从基础神经学的角度来看，理解大脑中恐惧及其调控机制至关重要。其次，过度恐惧和无法控制其表达是恐惧、焦虑、创伤及压力相关精神疾病的核心特征之一。而了解恐惧是如何获得、存储、表达以及被调节的，有助于我们提高对精神疾病的发病机制的理解，解释因无法调控恐惧而导致症状维持的现象，并有望帮助开发出新的治疗手段以增强患者及其提供者应对恐惧的能力。本书的内容是由神经科学、临床神经科学及实验与临床心理学领域的专家所贡献。内容的组织从基本定义开始，介绍什么是恐惧、大脑中恐惧的分子和细胞机制研究方法、使用最先进的实验和技术工具来研究人类行为和大脑的方法，以及恐惧在精神疾病中的作用。最后部分探讨的是如何增强恐惧消除的能力，这是一个有望提高多种精神病学疾病治疗结果的临床成果；文章以对未来这一极其重要且相关领域的未来方向进行讨论结束。

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