儿童复杂创伤调节：一种基于身体的依附方法

English | 2023 | ISBN-10: 3031403193 | 212 pages| PDF (True) | 5 MB

This book outlines both the theory and application of regulation intervention strategies for children with complex trauma history. National statistics identify that 1:7 children in the United States are subjected to child abuse or neglect. The age group with the highest reported incidences are in the 1-3 year old age group. The primary perpetrators of this abuse are the child’s caregivers. This age is closely associated with the critical period of development in the areas of the brain, the child’s physiology and their social/emotional well being. When primary attachment is disrupted, delays and disruptions across many domains occur. When the perpetrator of their trauma is the same person who should be ensuring their safety, a child develops behaviors in an attempt to make sense of their world. The behaviors serve a purpose. Behavioral approaches which rely on positive and negative consequences do not adequately address the cause of the behavior and are therefore ineffective. Other existing trauma interventions rely on the individual to cognitively process information. However, when dysregulated, retrieval of information from the frontal lobe of the brain is not physiologically possible. All these approaches also intervene on the assumption that the child knows what normal regulation feels like. Most of these children however have only known chaos and fear novelty. This attachment based intervention model incorporates neurological, physiological, observational and practical regulation intervention strategies for anyone working with children with complex trauma history. It is able to be applied in home, school, community and in therapy environments. When a child feels regulated and safe, the effectiveness of the child’s trauma treatment can be enhanced.

这本书概述了针对复杂创伤史儿童的调节干预策略的理论与应用。美国国家统计数据表明，10名美国儿童中就有7名受到虐待或忽视。报告发病率最高的年龄段是1-3岁婴幼儿阶段。这一虐待行为的主要施加者为被照顾者本人。这个年龄段与大脑发育、生理和社交情感健康的关键期密切相关。当主要依附关系遭到破坏时，许多领域都会出现延迟和中断。如果创伤的施害者正是应确保其安全的人，则儿童会形成一些行为来试图理解自己的世界。这些行为是有目的性的。依靠正负后果的行为策略并不能充分解决行为产生的原因，因此是无效的。其他现有的创伤干预方法则依赖个体进行认知信息处理。然而，当情绪调节失调时，从大脑前额叶区提取信息在生理上是不可能的。所有这些方法也都假定孩子知道什么是正常的情绪调节感。但事实上，大多数孩子只了解混乱和恐惧。这种基于依附关系的干预模型整合了神经、生理学、观察及实用性的调节干预策略，适用于与有复杂创伤史儿童互动的所有人（包括家庭、学校、社区和治疗环境）。当儿童感到安全且被调节时，其创伤治疗的效果可以得到提升。

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