不仅仅是一场健康危机：美国应对2013-2016年埃博拉疫情的证券化措施

Jessica Kirk | 2023 | ISBN: 0262374854 | English | 240 pages | PDF | 2 MB

How the West African Ebola epidemic was transformed from an urgent and distant tragedy into an existential threat to American lives—establishing the dynamics that would later dominate the US response to epidemics such as COVID-19.

In 2014 and 2015, the viral Ebola epidemic in West Africa inspired breathless US media coverage and became the subject of heated public debate over just how to understand the security issue that the outbreak presented. Was it a security concern because of the lives at risk in West Africa? Or because of its threat to regional and global stability? Or was it potentially a threat to the American people? In More Than a Health Crisis, Jessica Kirkreveals how these varied positions spoke to divisions within the American public, concerning how we think about and respond to uncertainty, competing expertise, and securitization.

Kirk insightfully examines how experts in different fields offered conflicting assessments of the risks posed by Ebola, and then goes on to analyze how the US press undermined the authority of the public health experts who accurately predicted that the virus posed little danger to Americans. Reading the media coverage of the Ebola epidemic as a case study in the biopolitics of fear, Kirk considers how the US response reflected not only anxieties over globalization but also long-held narratives about the “Dark Continent.” Finally, Kirk shows how the US and global public response to the Ebola outbreak challenged traditional models of securitization and identifies patterns that have tragically recurred with subsequent epidemics such as COVID-19 and monkeypox.

2014至2015年，西非的埃博拉病毒疫情在西方引起了媒体的高度关注，并引发了公众对于如何理解这一公共卫生危机的热烈讨论。这是否是由于西非人民的生命安全问题？还是因为其对地区及全球稳定性的威胁？亦或是有损美国人的生命安全？ 《Beyond a Health Crisis》一书中，贾斯汀·克里克揭示了这些不同的观点如何映射出美国公众内部关于如何看待和回应不确定性、专业知识之间的竞争以及危机化倾向的分歧。 克里克深刻地分析了不同领域的专家对于埃博拉病毒风险的不同评估，并进一步探讨了美国媒体是如何削弱那些准确预测病毒对美国人不会构成威胁的公共卫生专家的权威性的。将埃博拉疫情报道视为恐惧政治学案例研究，克里克考虑到了美国应对所反映出来的不仅是对全球化的焦虑，同时也包括长期以来关于“黑暗大陆”的叙事。 最后，克里克指出，面对西非埃博拉疫情时美国和全球公众的反应挑战了传统的危机化模型，并揭示出那些在之后诸如新冠病毒肺炎及猴痘等公共卫生事件中再次发生的可怕模式。

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