抗生素抗性细菌

English | 444 pages | CRC Press; 2 edition (December 5, 2007) | 0849391903 | PDF | 8.36 Mb

The enormous genetic flexibility of bacteria jeopardizes the usefulness of currently available antibiotics, and requires new approaches to antibiotic discovery and development. Antimicrobial resistance can be acquired in a short time frame, both by genetic mutation and by direct transfer of resistance genes across genus and species boundaries. Understanding mechanisms of resistance is crucial to the future of antimicrobial therapy.

Extensively revised, with contributions from international leaders in their fields, Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobials, Second Edition blends scientific and practical approaches to the social, economic, and medical issues related to this growing problem. The book begins with a history of antimicrobial agents and bacterial resistance, and outlines the forces that contributed to the abuse of antibiotics and precipitated the current crisis. It goes on to describe what is known about the ecology of antibiotic resistant bacteria and reveals the inadequacies in our understanding. Emphasizing public health aspects, the editors stress that significant progress will be made only by addressing the problem only as a public, worldwide, problem.

Chapters on resistance mechanisms describe the latest findings on what makes different groups of bacteria susceptible or resistant to antibiotics. They reveal the staggering diversity of bacteria and the need for a foundational understanding that will stimulate development of antibiotics capable of avoiding resistance mechanisms. Examining the success and limitations of complementary approaches, such as combining ß-lactam antibiotics with ß-lactamase inhibitors, the book brings together information on resistance mechanisms in different groups of bacteria to help future efforts to more effectively develop and deploy antimicrobial therapies.

细菌的巨大的遗传灵活性使目前可用的抗生素的实用性受到威胁，并且需要新的方法来发现和开发抗生素。抗菌耐药性可以在短时间内通过基因突变或跨越属和种界限直接转移抗性基因获得。理解耐药机制对于未来抗菌疗法至关重要。 经过广泛修订，融合了他们在相关领域国际顶尖专家贡献的《抗菌耐药细菌学》，第二版结合了与这一日益严重问题的社会、经济和医学方面相关的科学和实用方法。本书首先回顾了抗生素及其对抗菌素滥用以及引发当前危机所起作用的力量的历史。接着描述了关于抗性细菌生态的知识，并揭示了我们对此理解中存在的不足之处。强调公共卫生方面，编辑们强调只有将这个问题作为公共的、全球的问题来解决时，才能取得显著的进步。 耐药机制章节描述了不同群细菌对抗生素易感或抵抗的不同组所发现的最新研究成果。它们揭示了细菌的巨大多样性以及需要一个基础了解以促进开发能够避开耐药机制的抗菌素的发展。通过检查互补方法的成功和局限性，如β-内酰胺类抗生素与β-内酰胺酶抑制剂的结合，本书汇集了一种不同组细菌中的耐药机制信息，旨在帮助未来的努力更加有效地开发和部署抗菌疗法。

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