2型糖尿病的流行病学

English | ISBN: 1608055299 | 2018 | 148 pages | PDF | 3 MB

This book on diabetes epidemiology starts with the evolution in the diagnostic criteria for diabetes, particularly the changes in the last 15 years and their impact on the prevalence of the disease. The increasing trend in prevalence of diabetes worldwide, and its impact on people’s health and economic development are described by regions and countries. The rationale for a diabetes screening program, recent development in screening strategies and screening tools are thoroughly reviewed and presented. Because obesity is one of the major risk factors for diabetes and has been included in several risk assessment questionnaires, the obesity-diabetes association is particularly addressed in this e-book. The diagnostic cut-off value for surrogate measurement of body fat mass such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference is also discussed. The measurement errors and the strength of the association of diabetes with BMI and waist circumference are formally compared. Other diabetes related metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia are also discussed with regard to their association with different degree of glucose intolerance including pre-diabetes and undiagnosed diabetes. The risk of dyslipidemia with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in people with different glucose levels is estimated within different ethnic groups and the ethnic differences are compared. Recent interest on diabetes-cancer association is on the rise. Academic literature on this issue presented in this volume. The relationship of diabetes with cardiovascular disease is also recognised. In this book the focus is set on the impact of various levels of fasting and 2-hout post-load glucose on the occurrence of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.

这本书从糖尿病诊断标准的演变开始，特别是过去15年来的变化及其对疾病患病率的影响。描述了全球范围内糖尿病患病率的增长趋势及其对人们健康和经济发展的影响，并按照地区和国家进行介绍。详细回顾并介绍了糖尿病筛查项目的合理性、最近的发展策略以及筛查工具。因为肥胖是导致糖尿病的一个主要风险因素，并且已经被纳入到多个风险评估问卷中，所以本书特别关注了肥胖与糖尿病之间的关联。还讨论了通过测量如体重指数（BMI）和腰围等体脂肪质量的替代性指标进行诊断截断值的问题。正式比较了糖尿病与BMI和腰围之间测量误差及关联强度。还讨论了与其他代谢性疾病相关的其他糖尿病相关疾病，例如血脂异常和高尿酸血症，并根据不同程度的糖耐量差异对其进行了考虑。不同水平的血糖水平与心血管死亡率和发病率之间的血脂异常风险被估计，并在不同的族群中进行比较。最近对糖尿病与癌症关联的兴趣正在上升，本电子书中的学术文献对此进行了呈现。还认识到糖尿病与心血管疾病之间的关系。在这本书中，焦点放在了各种程度的空腹和2小时负荷后血糖水平与发生心血管死亡率和发病率的影响上。

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