概率的概念

English | PDF | 1989 | 439 Pages | ISBN : 9027726795 | 43 MB

This volume contains articles from invited speakers at a meeting which took place in Delphi, during the week of October 12-16, 1987. The theme of the meeting was ''The concept of probability" and was organized by the "Group of Interdisciplinary Research" (Physics Department, University of Athens) and the Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute of the National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens. (The Group ofInterdisciplinary Research organized two previous Meetings, 1) on the Concept of physical reality (1982) and 2) on the question of determinism in Physics (1984». This small gathering, which was attended by scientists, mathematicians and philosophers from more than 22 countries, took place on the occasion of the 100th year from the birthday of E.Schrodinger. As the father of wave-mechanics, Schrodinger thrushed us into an era of physics where knowledge of the lV-function is considered, for most situations, as the ultimate aim and the ultimate truth. Yet, he, as well as another towering figure of 20th century physics, A.Einstein, never really felt confortable with the interpretation of the meaning oflV and of the information that it contains. With Einstein playing the leading role a debate about concepts and interpretation started as soon as quantum mechanics was born. Central theme to this debate is the concept of probability, a concept which permeates-explicitly or implicitly-all science and even our decision making in everyday life. The articles cover a broad spectrum of thought and results -mathematical, physical, epistemological, experimental, specific, general,-many of them outside the accepted norm.

这本集子包含了一些受邀参加1987年在德尔斐举行的会议的文章。这次会议的主题是“概率的概念”，由“交叉学科研究小组”（雅典大学物理系）和国家希洛尼科学研究基金会理论与物理化学研究所组织。该小组已举办了两次类似会议，分别是：1）关于物质实在概念的会议（1982年）；2）物理学中的决定论问题（1984年）。这次小型聚会吸引了来自超过22个国家的科学家、数学家和哲学家。此次聚会是为了庆祝薛定谔生日100周年而举行的，作为波动力学的创始人，薛定谔引领我们进入了物理知识中了解LIV函数被认为是最终目标和终极真理的时代。然而，他以及20世纪物理学中的另一位伟大人物爱因斯坦从未完全适应理解LIV函数的意义及其所包含的信息。自量子力学诞生后，爱因斯坦一直主导着关于概念和解释的辩论。这场辩论的核心主题之一就是概率的概念，在科学中，无论显式还是隐性地渗透到所有学科，甚至是我们日常生活中的决策制定中也是如此。文章涵盖广泛的思维和结果——数学的、物理的、认识论的、实验性的、具体的和一般的，其中许多超越了公认的规范。

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