人类相似机器人中的伦理问题
The idea of creating artificial humans can be found at the beginning of the human culture. Ancient myths contain the stories of artificial humans brought to life by gods. The word robot originates from a play that was about artificial humans made from artificial flesh that aims to serve real humans. With advancements in robotics, the materialization of this idea is more real than ever before. We are witnessing attempts to create humanoid robots that might be deployed in many spheres of our life - policing, healthcare, and even for love and sex. The book focuses on the ethical issues of human likeness of robots and human tendency to anthropomorphize. It is built on the assumption that design choices are not neutral, and they need to be discussed to align robots with human values. With robots operating in the physical world, they bring ideas and risks that should be addressed before widespread deployment. The book reviews specific issues and provides suggestions and recommendations for improving robots to serve humans better. It draws on literature from Human-Robot Interactions, ethics of AI and robotics, and the philosophy of technology. The book focuses on the ethical issues of human likeness of robots and human tendency to anthropomorphize. It is built on the assumption that design choices are not neutral, and they need to be discussed to align robots with human values.
人造人类的想法可以追溯到人类文化之初。古代神话中包含着由神创造的生命体的故事。机器人这个词来源于一部讲述由人工肉制成的人造人类，并且旨在服务于现实人类的戏剧。随着机器人技术的进步，将这个想法变为现实的程度比以往任何时候都更加真实了。我们见证了试图创造具有人类特征的仿人机器人以服务于生活中的各个领域——执法、医疗保健，甚至用于爱与性行为的努力。该书专注于探讨机器人的拟人性以及人类倾向于赋予它们人格化特性所带来的伦理问题。它建立在假设设计选择并非中立的基础上，需要讨论这些问题才能使机器人更好地符合人类的价值观。随着机器人在物理世界中的运作，应该在此之前解决它们带来的理念和风险。该书审查了具体的问题，并提出了改进机器人的建议和推荐以使其更好地服务于人类。它借鉴了人机交互、人工智能及机器人伦理学以及技术哲学领域的文献。该书专注于探讨人造人类的拟人性所带来的伦理问题以及人类倾向于赋予他们人格化特性这一趋势。其建立在假设设计选择并非中立的基础上，需要讨论这些问题才能使机器人与人类的价值观相一致的观点之上。
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