逻辑谬误、逻辑和论辩的实用性

English | 2024 | ISBN: B0DJPTRSWJ | Pages: 386 | EPUB | 2.34 MB

The objective of this book is to equip the reader with the skill set to identify and avoid Logical Fallacies and understand the utility of Logic and the principles of argumentation. Whether you're a university or postgraduate student, a middle manager or CEO, an entrepreneur, or a professional seeking to leverage your Critical Thinking2 and argumentation skills, this book is a guide as well as serves as a road map along your journey to the identification of logical fallacies, the utility of logic and argumentation. It is designed to navigate as well as illuminate the path to the achievement of your goals. Discernment, reasoning, and Critical Thinking2 with a deeper understanding of the "How," "What," and "Why" - are some lessons to be learned. You will become more effective as a writer, orator, debater, and critical thinker. Ultimately, the result will be for the reader to become more insightful and nuanced when participating in the expository arena of debating ideas. By the time you reach the final chapter, you will have gained a much deeper understanding of how to think more critically, rationally, logically, and, thereby, reason and posit your Argument or Claim more effectively. Some Chapter highlights follow. Chapter Two presents Formal Logical Fallacies (deductive or non-sequitur) fallacies, where the structure or form of an Argument or Claim is invalid, regardless of the truth or falsity of its underlying premises. Then, deep diving into the world of Informal Logical Fallacies in Chapter Three, skip-stones from the classic "Ad hominem" attack to "Equivocation," to the "Slippery Slope" Argument, and many others. Each Logical Fallacy is dissected and explained in detail, accompanied by a real-world example(s) to illustrate their corrupt or erroneous usage, parlance, and impact. By uncovering and understanding the various types of fallacious reasoning, readers will be better equipped to circumvent the complexities of faulty reasoning in argumentation and arrive at truth using sound, stepwise, rationally derived conclusions through logic. The knowledge process, and therefore truth, is the final desired outcome in argumentation. Reasoning, using principles of logic, and Critical Thinking2 are complementary important subject matters of the Book discussed in Chapters Four through Eleven. Templates, worksheets, frameworks, techniques and tools as well as checklists for problem solving and decision-making are presented in Chapter Twelve. Chapter 13 discusses how Artificial Intelligence (AI) will become central to Critical Thinking2, Logic, and argumentation, closing the circle. The Epilogue presents the Mandela Effect as a special topic. Appendix One presents an argumentation and logic Reasoning API designed to help users construct, evaluate, and refine Arguments. It offers several key features, including Logical Fallacy detection, Argument construction templates, and Argument strength and validity feedback. Appendix Two offers an Excel Visual Basic for Application (VBA) Code and a separate MACRO Code program (automating manual actions) to identify a Logical Fallacy within text utilizing basic keyword matching to detect the most common Logical Fallacies. Appendix Three is a lighthearted example of the Utility of logic, and pragmatism applied to the "Weather Rock." This book is a companion to Critical Thinking2 – A Force Multiplier (2024), a Primer on Problem Analysis and Decision-Making, and a great introduction to furthering your career and studies. The wisdom and lessons contained within both Books can be utilized to supplement your Life-Long Learning, optimize your presentations of Arguments or Claims in the Boardroom, classroom, lecture hall, and across the negotiating table, or be a resource reference for Leaders, Business Managers, and Entrepreneurs, as well as those aspiring to reach those lofty heights.

这本书的目标是为读者配备识别和避免逻辑谬误的技能，并理解逻辑的作用以及论证原则。 无论你是大学或研究生学生，中层经理或CEO，创业者，还是寻求运用批判性思维2和论辩技巧的专业人士，这本书既是指南，也是一条通往逻辑谬误、逻辑作用及论辩原则的道路。它旨在帮助你导航并照亮实现目标的路径。辨别力、推理以及批判性思维2结合对“为什么”、“什么”和“如何”的深入了解——这是需要学习的内容。你会变得更有效地成为一名作家、演讲者、辩论者，乃至更有效的思考者。最终结果是，读者在参加辩论思想这一领域时会变得更有洞察力，并更具层次感。当你到达最后一章时，你将获得更加深刻的理解，从而能够以批判性思维2更为彻底地思考问题，通过逻辑得出有效的论证或主张。以下章节亮点： 第二章介绍了形式性的逻辑谬误（演绎性的或非相关性的）谬误，其中论点或主张的结构或形式无效，无论其基础前提是否真实或虚假。然后，在第三章中，本书深入探讨了正式逻辑谬误以外的非正式逻辑谬误，从经典的“人身攻击”到“含混”，再到“滑坡论证”，以及许多其他例子。每个逻辑谬误都会被详细拆解和解释，并附有一个现实生活中的示例来说明其错误或误导性的使用、用词及影响。通过揭露并理解各种类型的谬误性推理，读者将更好地掌握避免在论辩中出现复杂性故障的方法，并通过逻辑得出正确的结论。知识的过程以及由此产生的真理是争论的最终目标之一。利用逻辑原则和批判性思维2进行思考是一个从第四章到第十一章讨论的重要主题领域。第十二章呈现了解决问题和决策模板、练习纸、框架、技术及工具，以帮助用户构建、评估并优化论点或主张。此外，还有用于识别文本中逻辑谬误的Excel VBA代码程序（自动化手动操作）来利用基本关键词匹配检测常见的逻辑谬误。第十三章讨论了人工智能（AI）将在批判性思维2、逻辑和论辩领域中的重要性，并完成了本书的闭合部分。尾声介绍了一个特殊的主题——曼德拉效应。附录一提供了一种用于帮助用户构建、评估并优化论证的逻辑推理API，其中包括逻辑谬误检测、论证结构模板及论点力量与有效性反馈等关键功能。附录二提供了另一种使用Excel VBA代码和单独的MACRO程序来利用基本关键词匹配识别文本中的逻辑谬误。附录三提供了一个轻快有趣的例子，展示了逻辑以及实用主义在“天气岩石”问题上的应用。 这本书是批判性思维2——倍增器（2024）一书、问题分析与决策指南及更进一步发展职业生涯和学习的绝佳入门书籍。这两本书中的智慧和教训可用于补充你的终身学习，优化你在董事会、课堂、讲堂以及谈判桌上的论点或主张展示，并成为领导者、商业经理人以及创业者等人的资源参考，亦为那些渴望达到顶峰的人士提供帮助。

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