权力掮客：罗伯特·摩西与纽约的沦陷（True EPUB）

English | July 12, 1975 | ISBN: 0394720245, 0593802462, 0394480767 | True EPUB | 1344 pages | 66.4 MB

PULITZER PRIZE WINNER • A modern American classic, this huge and galvanizing biography of Robert Moses reveals not only the saga of one man’s incredible accumulation of power but the story of his shaping (and mis-shaping) of twentieth-century New York.

One of the Modern Library’s hundred greatest books of the twentieth century, Robert Caro's monumental book makes public what few outsiders knew: that Robert Moses was the single most powerful man of his time in the City and in the State of New York. And in telling the Moses story, Caro both opens up to an unprecedented degree the way in which politics really happens—the way things really get done in America's City Halls and Statehouses—and brings to light a bonanza of vital information about such national figures as Alfred E. Smith and Franklin D. Roosevelt (and the genesis of their blood feud), about Fiorello La Guardia, John V. Lindsay and Nelson Rockefeller.

But The Power Broker is first and foremost a brilliant multidimensional portrait of a man—an extraordinary man who, denied power within the normal framework of the democratic process, stepped outside that framework to grasp power sufficient to shape a great city and to hold sway over the very texture of millions of lives. We see how Moses began: the handsome, intellectual young heir to the world of Our Crowd, an idealist. How, rebuffed by the entrenched political establishment, he fought for the power to accomplish his ideals. How he first created a miraculous flowering of parks and parkways, playlands and beaches—and then ultimately brought down on the city the smog-choked aridity of our urban landscape, the endless miles of (never sufficient) highway, the hopeless sprawl of Long Island, the massive failures of public housing, and countless other barriers to humane living. How, inevitably, the accumulation of power became an end in itself.

Moses built an empire and lived like an emperor. He was held in fear—his dossiers could disgorge the dark secret of anyone who opposed him. He was, he claimed, above politics, above deals; and through decade after decade, the newspapers and the public believed. Meanwhile, he was developing his public authorities into a fourth branch of government known as "Triborough"—a government whose records were closed to the public, whose policies and plans were decided not by voters or elected officials but solely by Moses—an immense economic force directing pressure on labor unions, on banks, on all the city's political and economic institutions, and on the press, and on the Church. He doled out millions of dollars' worth of legal fees, insurance commissions, lucrative contracts on the basis of who could best pay him back in the only coin he coveted: power. He dominated the politics and politicians of his time—without ever having been elected to any office. He was, in essence, above our democratic system.

Robert Moses held power in the state for 44 years, through the governorships of Smith, Roosevelt, Lehman, Dewey, Harriman and Rockefeller, and in the city for 34 years, through the mayoralties of La Guardia, O'Dwyer, Impellitteri, Wagner and Lindsay, He personally conceived and carried through public works costing 27 billion dollars—he was undoubtedly America's greatest builder.

This is how he built and dominated New York—before, finally, he was stripped of his reputation (by the press) and his power (by Nelson Rockefeller). But his work, and his will, had been done.

英文| 1975年7月12日|国际标准图书编号：0394720224505938024620394480767 |真正的EPUB | 1344页| 66.4 MB 普利策奖得主•这本关于罗伯特·摩西的巨大而激动人心的传记是一部现代美国经典，不仅揭示了一个人不可思议的权力积累的传奇，还揭示了他塑造（和错误塑造）二十世纪纽约的故事。 作为现代图书馆二十世纪最伟大的一百本书之一，罗伯特·卡罗的这本不朽的书公开了很少有外人知道的事实：罗伯特·摩西是他那个时代在纽约市和纽约州最有权势的人。在讲述摩西的故事时，卡罗以前所未有的程度揭示了政治的真实发生方式——美国市政厅和州议会的实际运作方式——并揭示了大量关于阿尔弗雷德·E·史密斯和富兰克林·D·罗斯福（以及他们血仇的起源）、菲奥雷洛·拉瓜迪亚、约翰·V·林赛和纳尔逊·洛克菲勒等国家人物的重要信息。 但《权力掮客》首先也是最重要的是对一个人的精彩多维描绘——一个非凡的人，他在民主进程的正常框架内被剥夺了权力，却走出了这个框架，掌握了足以塑造一个伟大城市并影响数百万人生活的权力。我们看到摩西是如何开始的：一个英俊、聪明的年轻继承人，我们群体的世界，一个理想主义者。在根深蒂固的政治体制的拒绝下，他如何为实现自己理想的权力而战。他如何首先创造了公园和公园大道、游乐场和海滩的奇迹般的繁荣，然后最终给这座城市带来了烟雾弥漫的城市景观的干旱、无尽的（永远不够的）高速公路、长岛无望的扩张、公共住房的大规模失败以及无数其他阻碍人道生活的障碍。权力的积累如何不可避免地成为目的本身。 摩西建立了一个帝国，过着皇帝般的生活。他被吓坏了——他的档案可能会泄露任何反对他的人的黑暗秘密。他声称，他凌驾于政治之上，凌驾于交易之上；几十年后，报纸和公众都相信了这一点。与此同时，他正在将他的公共权力发展成一个被称为“三区”的政府的第四个分支——一个记录不对公众开放的政府，其政策和计划不是由选民或民选官员决定的，而是完全由摩西决定的——一支巨大的经济力量，对工会、银行、城市的所有政治和经济机构、媒体和教会施加压力。他发放了价值数百万美元的法律费用、保险佣金和利润丰厚的合同，根据的是谁能最好地用他梦寐以求的唯一硬币来回报他：权力。他主宰了当时的政治和政治家，但从未当选过任何职位。从本质上讲，他凌驾于我们的民主制度之上。 罗伯特·摩西通过史密斯、罗斯福、雷曼、杜威、哈里曼和洛克菲勒的州长任期，在该州执政44年，通过拉瓜迪亚、奥德维尔、Impelliteri、瓦格纳和林赛的市长任期，在纽约市执政34年。他亲自构思并完成了耗资270亿美元的公共工程，无疑是美国最伟大的建筑师。 这就是他建立和统治纽约的方式——在此之前，他最终被剥夺了声誉（被媒体）和权力（被纳尔逊·洛克菲勒）。但他的工作和意志已经完成了。

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